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A Robotic System Classifies Oranges

A robotic system classifies oranges

A new robotic system is able to automatically classify oranges. By means of ABB industrial robots and artificial vision techniques, the classification of these fruits is automated according to their size and degree of maturity, to store and transport them to the commercialization points.


As part of the final project of the Robotics course taught by Professor Pedro Cárdenas, of the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering of the National University of Colombia (UNAL), students attended the mission of developing an application of industrial robotics for the agricultural sector, as close as possible to reality


In this case, an attempt was made to design a gripper, or clamp to pick oranges, and integrate it into a system to automatically classify them.The reason for the Mechatronics Engineering understudies  was proportional up on a modern level what they had accomplished before with a strawberry sorter created at Lego Mindstorms.
For this they used a depth camera - like the Kinect of the Xbox 360 video game console - to detect where the fruits are, a transport band for the output of the material, two ABB robots - which usually have different factories -, and a tool designed by them that grabs oranges by sucking suction cups.


“It is a system formed by the mechanical unit and a controller. The first one refers to the motors, that is to say the robot, while from the second one the indications are given on how it should move ”, explains the student Realpe, who was in charge of the communication configuration.


With the vision algorithm developed by the students the position of the fruits in the basket is detected, information that is processed in the computer through an industrial communication form and that data is transmitted to the robot controller, which has a code Waiting to receive them.


“When the controller had that position, he told the robot how to move, so that he positioned himself on top of the fruit, picked it up and took it to the place of classification, in a cycle in which he continued to move automatically,” details student Realpe when explaining the operation of the system.


For the student Krejci, coordinator of the MomentUN seedbed, of which the team members are part, this project also demonstrates the opportunities that robotics and automation can represent to provide solutions to the agricultural sector by optimizing their processes and making them more competitive against countries that already have automated collection and classification of fruits.


This project was presented by the students to the university community within the framework of the Mecatronic´s day, an event organized by the MomentUN hotbed and Professor Cárdenas to disseminate among the public the work carried out in the different subjects of Mechatronic Engineering.


“For a few years we have seen that the potential of our boys is very great and that they do very interesting things, but we were running out of the classroom. We found a phenomenon, and that is that the students of the first semesters did not know what their classmates from previous semesters did, ”says the teacher.
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